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晋太宗宣武帝实录27(1 / 2)

 陈牧:东汉风俗之美,他朝莫比,忠臣名将多如璀璨,何以亡哉?先生教我。

萧凡:臣以为,国将亡,必多制。明王之政,谨择忠贤而任之,凡中外之臣,有功则赏,有罪则诛,无所阿私,法制不烦而天下大治。所以然者何哉?执其本故也。及其衰也,百官之任不能择人,而禁令益多,防闲益密,有功者以阂文不赏,为奸者以巧法免诛,上下劳扰而天下大乱。所以然者何哉?逐其末故也。孝灵之时,刺史、二千石贪如豺虎,暴殄焌民,而朝廷方守三互之禁。以今视之,岂不适足为笑而深可为戒哉!纵有诸葛孔明,周公瑾何益也!

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人受教矣。

chenmu:thesocialatmosphereoftheeasternhandynastywasmuchbetterthanthatofotherdynasties,andithasalargenumberofloyalistsandfamousgenerals,whyiteventuallywenttoextinction?sirtaughtme。

xiaofan:ithink,beforethefallofthecountry,theremustbealotofcumbersomedecrees,theholykingcarefullyselectedthesagesandappointedthemtogovernthecountry,theholykingtreatsallministersselflesslyandfairly,rewardthosewhohavemeritandpunishthosewhomakemistakes,thelawsarenotharshbutthecountryiswellgoverned,that‘sbecausetheyfoundtherootoftheproblem,whenthestateisindecline,itspoliciesaretheopposite,villainsdisruptthelaw,andtheyarenotpunished,therefore,thegentlemanretreatedandtheworldwasinchaos,that‘sbecausetheyignorethenatureoftheproblem,attheendoftheeasternhandynasty,officialsweregreedyandcorrupt,andmutilatethepeople,thegovernmentstilladherestoharshdecrees,fromthecurrentpointofview,itsdecreesareridiculousandworthyofreflection,evenifithadministerslikezhugeliangandzhouyu,thegreathandynastycouldnotbesaved。

chenmu:sirisright,iacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:寡人欲作灵苑,可乎?先生以为如何?

萧凡:臣以为,先帝之制,左开鸿池,右作上林,不奢不约,以合礼中。今猥规郊城之地以为苑囿,坏沃衍,废田园,驱居民,畜禽兽,殆非保赤子之义。今城外之苑已有五六,可以逞情意,顺四节也。愿大王追夏禹卑宫、太宗露台之意,以慰下民之劳。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣。

chenmu:iwanttobuildthespiritgardentohunt,sirwhatdoyouthink?

xiaofan:ithink,yourfatherhasbuilthongchiandshanglin,itsscaleisnotextravagantandnotshabbyjustright,nowyoudestroyfarmlandandhousesandbreedanimalstobuildhuntinggroundsinthecountryside,thisisnotasignoflovingthepeople,thecurrentspiritgardenisenoughforyoutohuntandplayeveryyear,ihopeyouwillemulatethefrugalwilloftheholykingtoappeasethepeopleandtobeconsiderateoftheirhardships。

chenmu:sirisright,iwaswrong。

陈牧:寡人欲取士以诗词文章,可乎?先生以为如何?

萧凡:臣以为,魏晋以来,崇尚文词,忽君人之大道,好雕虫之艺。下之从上,遂成风俗。江左、齐、梁、隋、唐,其弊弥甚,世俗以此相高,朝廷据兹擢士。禄利之路既开,爱尚之情愈笃。于是闾里童昏,贵游总草,未窥六甲,先制五言。至如羲皇、舜、禹之典,伊、傅、周、孔之说,不复关心,何尝入耳。以傲诞为清虚,以缘情为勋绩,指儒素为古拙,用词赋为君子。故文笔日繁,其政日乱,良由弃大圣之轨模,构无用以为用也,愿大王退浮薄、奖实用,则天下幸甚。

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人谨受教。

chenmu:iwanttoselecttalentsthroughpoetryandarticles,sirwhatdoyouthink?

xiaofan:ithink,sincetheweiandjindynasties,peoplehavebeenadvocatingpoetryandarticlesforalongtime,peopleignorethetruthofgoverningthecountryandvaluesuchsmallthings,andthiscustomistop-downgoingthroughfivedynasties,it‘sthesamefromthegovernmenttotheprivatesector,andithasgraduallybecomeacustom,afterfivedynasties,itsdrawbackshavebeenveryserious,butpeoplearestillproudofitandignorethetraditionalclassics,theyseeabsurdityandinactionasapoliticalachievement,treatpragmatismandsimplicityasstupidity,andadvocatpoetryandarticlesasthestandardofagentleman,therefore,themorecomplexthearticle,themorechaoticthepolitics,thisisbecausetheyabandontheirpoliticalrootsandpursueuselessthings,ihopeyourewardpracticalityanddiscouragepompousness,thentheworldbenefitsfromthis。

chenmu:sirisright,irespectfullyacceptyourteachings。

陈牧:寡人近来为政如何?先生直言。

萧凡:臣以为,大王顷来酒色过度,肆意游猎,荒废朝政,非圣主明王所为也,且天下未靖,岂是宴乐之时?愿大王以社稷为重,恭事上帝,子爱下民,省嗜欲,远谄佞,未明求夜,日旰忘食,则古之明王何以加之哉!

陈牧:先生之言是也,寡人知过矣。

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